Efflorescence
Efflorescence is the formation of salt deposits on the masonry block surfaces due to leaching of lime compounds. This is found when water percolates through poorly compacted masonry blocks and when evaporation takes place at the surface of the masonry
blocks. The reaction starts with the absorption of CO2 into the masonry block. If water is presence in the masonry block, the dissolved CO2 react with lime form CaCO3 which is the visible white salt. The efflorescence typically occurs when cool, wet weather is
followed by a dry and hot spell (Dow and Glasser, 2003; Neville, 2003).k.