The catalytic conversion of rapeseed oil over nanocrystalline and hierarchical ZSM-5 zeolites shows a high selectivity for the production of light olefins and aromatic hydrocarbons. Within the olefin fraction, ethylene and propene are the most abundant compounds,whereas aromatics consist of benzene, toluene and xylenes. All these hydrocarbons present high interest as raw chemicals. Underthe operating conditions selected all the catalysts lead to a total conversion and deoxygenation of rapeseed oil into hydrocarbons. Deoxygenation takes place by decarboxylation, decarbonylation and dehydration pathways.