Once proper process maps are constructed, it is possible to determine the types of data to be collected, as well as theway in
which they will be collected. The challenges associated with environmental performance indicators were well documented,
and using generalised scientific models to estimate emission levels and resource consumptions is recommended for environmental
performance (Lamberton, 2005). The data collection uses a multi-methodological approach, e.g., it can be collected
via any combination of literature reviews, surveys, experiments, interviews with staff members and operators, or even
through a few Delphi research rounds. It is therefore essential to decide the variables that will facilitate data collection. For
example, common data sets to be collected for transport systems include fuel or power consumption (and associated cost),
time spent for each step in the process map and CO2 emissions, etc. These data types will firstly need to be determined and
subsequently used in the process maps to collect the corresponding data for performance analysis. It is important to note that
some data collected at this stage are actually variables. For instance, if we are interested in the impacts made by CO2 emissions
Once proper process maps are constructed, it is possible to determine the types of data to be collected, as well as theway in
which they will be collected. The challenges associated with environmental performance indicators were well documented,
and using generalised scientific models to estimate emission levels and resource consumptions is recommended for environmental
performance (Lamberton, 2005). The data collection uses a multi-methodological approach, e.g., it can be collected
via any combination of literature reviews, surveys, experiments, interviews with staff members and operators, or even
through a few Delphi research rounds. It is therefore essential to decide the variables that will facilitate data collection. For
example, common data sets to be collected for transport systems include fuel or power consumption (and associated cost),
time spent for each step in the process map and CO2 emissions, etc. These data types will firstly need to be determined and
subsequently used in the process maps to collect the corresponding data for performance analysis. It is important to note that
some data collected at this stage are actually variables. For instance, if we are interested in the impacts made by CO2 emissions
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