19
To underline th
e seriousness of the crime and improve chances of enforcement, it is
necessary to review a number of legal matters, such as attempted human trafficking,
collusion or complicity in trafficking, double criminal liability, extradition of suspects and
traffick
ing within countries. There are also grounds for taking a closer look at related
offences such as the purchase of sexual services, forced marriages, forced labour, debt
slavery, torture and male violence against women, all of which have a bearing on human
trafficking.
Efforts should be made to
facilitate the reporting of crimes against women and children.
Victims of human trafficking and similar violations need secure and
accessible procedures
for reporting offenders and alerting the authorities to
their s
ituation, either through the
police or via special telephone helplines.
Another important measure that is effective
against trafficking in human beings is the support for the fight against
corruption
. If
governments are to reduce the profitability of human
trafficking operations, they need to
understand its economic basis and how profitable it is in relation to other forms of crime.
Psychosocial treatment and counselling
is not always available in developing countries,
particularly in the least developed
countries. NGOs often play a major role in assisting and
supporting victims of human trafficking, although the government’s overall responsibility
for providing these services should be underlined. However, NGOs will account for the bulk
of social support
for vulnerable groups and victims of human trafficking for a long time to
come.
Returnees are often left, without money, at their country’s borders, where they may face
exactly the same problems that left them vulnerable to traffickers in the first place.
The
return of a victim can raise legal and administrative issues as around citizenship and the
need for residence and work permits. Before the repatriation process is set in motion,
efforts must be made to determine whether the victim can be assisted in f
inding work,
accommodation and a meaningful social context. It is also important to ensure that she or
he will be guaranteed protection and be free to lead a regular life. The journey to the
country of origin must also be secure.
20
Coordination of governmen
t authorities
within and between countries and between
authorities and NGOs is crucial. Where local border cooperation exists, coordinated
operations are vital to the success of efforts to detain traffickers and support victims.
There can be no doubt that
human trafficking can have devastating long
-
and short
-
term
consequences for its victims’ physical and mental health as well as their legal, social and
financial situation. Apart from the individual suffering it causes, its repercussions for
society as a
whole are highly detrimental.
Success in combating human trafficking is
predicated on effective collaboration between important players in the various countries
involved and between those who watch over the policy areas concerned. Cooperation must
be devel
oped between researchers and operatives in the field. Anti
-
trafficking work
involves NGOs as well as authorities and institutions. In light of the rapidly growing
number of players, there is a need to unite behind certain common objectives and
processes at
regional and national level.
Human trafficking is big business with a substantial turnover, and corruption in
institutions and bodies with responsibility for combating it is often widespread.
There
fore,
there
should be concerted and genuine efforts
at
successful
ly
combating of trafficking in
persons and the reintegration of victims should resolve an entire range of problems faced
by the victims and their families, and in particular the root cause of human trafficking
,
poverty,
has to be addressed
19
To underline th
e seriousness of the crime and improve chances of enforcement, it is
necessary to review a number of legal matters, such as attempted human trafficking,
collusion or complicity in trafficking, double criminal liability, extradition of suspects and
traffick
ing within countries. There are also grounds for taking a closer look at related
offences such as the purchase of sexual services, forced marriages, forced labour, debt
slavery, torture and male violence against women, all of which have a bearing on human
trafficking.
Efforts should be made to
facilitate the reporting of crimes against women and children.
Victims of human trafficking and similar violations need secure and
accessible procedures
for reporting offenders and alerting the authorities to
their s
ituation, either through the
police or via special telephone helplines.
Another important measure that is effective
against trafficking in human beings is the support for the fight against
corruption
. If
governments are to reduce the profitability of human
trafficking operations, they need to
understand its economic basis and how profitable it is in relation to other forms of crime.
Psychosocial treatment and counselling
is not always available in developing countries,
particularly in the least developed
countries. NGOs often play a major role in assisting and
supporting victims of human trafficking, although the government’s overall responsibility
for providing these services should be underlined. However, NGOs will account for the bulk
of social support
for vulnerable groups and victims of human trafficking for a long time to
come.
Returnees are often left, without money, at their country’s borders, where they may face
exactly the same problems that left them vulnerable to traffickers in the first place.
The
return of a victim can raise legal and administrative issues as around citizenship and the
need for residence and work permits. Before the repatriation process is set in motion,
efforts must be made to determine whether the victim can be assisted in f
inding work,
accommodation and a meaningful social context. It is also important to ensure that she or
he will be guaranteed protection and be free to lead a regular life. The journey to the
country of origin must also be secure.
20
Coordination of governmen
t authorities
within and between countries and between
authorities and NGOs is crucial. Where local border cooperation exists, coordinated
operations are vital to the success of efforts to detain traffickers and support victims.
There can be no doubt that
human trafficking can have devastating long
-
and short
-
term
consequences for its victims’ physical and mental health as well as their legal, social and
financial situation. Apart from the individual suffering it causes, its repercussions for
society as a
whole are highly detrimental.
Success in combating human trafficking is
predicated on effective collaboration between important players in the various countries
involved and between those who watch over the policy areas concerned. Cooperation must
be devel
oped between researchers and operatives in the field. Anti
-
trafficking work
involves NGOs as well as authorities and institutions. In light of the rapidly growing
number of players, there is a need to unite behind certain common objectives and
processes at
regional and national level.
Human trafficking is big business with a substantial turnover, and corruption in
institutions and bodies with responsibility for combating it is often widespread.
There
fore,
there
should be concerted and genuine efforts
at
successful
ly
combating of trafficking in
persons and the reintegration of victims should resolve an entire range of problems faced
by the victims and their families, and in particular the root cause of human trafficking
,
poverty,
has to be addressed
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