Lipopeptide yield decreased significantly from 8.7 g/L in the firstproduction cycle to 7.12 g/L in the second production cycle, whilethe number of the attached bacteria on chitosan decreased aboutone order of magnitude (Fig. 5b). Nevertheless, both lipopeptideyield and the number of the attached bacteria were stable fromthe second to the last production cycle. We also found growth ofdetached bacteria in culture medium. Importantly, immobilizedcells could be reused for lipopeptide production in the fermenter at least 5 times for 25 days