Because beef, chicken and fish can be frozen either before or after packaging, we wanted to determine the effect of UV-C appli- cation prior to freezing. Previous studies with other foodborne pathogens have indicated a ca. 1e2 log reduction as a result of freezing (Rajkowski and Sommers, 2012; Sommers et al., 2011). In this study a ca. 1 log reduction of Y. pestis was obtained regardless of food matrix type (p > 0.05) (Table 2). As is shown in Fig. 1, a ca. 1 log reduction of Y. pestis was obtained regardless of food matrix type after 1 J/cm2 UV-C. There was no additional log reduction as a result of UV-C exposure followed by freezing (p > 0.05) (Table 2), how- ever, we did note that recovery of the Y. pestis required an addi- tional day of incubation on the Brain Heart Infusion Agar.