A recent hyperlinking case was decided in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Georgia where the court arguably created a new First Amendment "right to hyperlink." ACLU of Georgia v. Miller, 43 U.S.P.Q.2d 1356 struck down a statute which made it a crime to knowingly use on the Internet a trade name, registered trademark, logo, copyrighted symbol which falsely stated or implied that permission was granted to use it. According to the holding, the statute required web page publishers to "include symbols designating other web pages which may be of interest to a user. This means that an entity or person's seal may appear on hundreds or thousands of other web pages, just for the purpose of enabling the linking system." The court ruled that the act prohibited such protected speech as the use of trade names or logos in non-commercial educational speech, news and commentary - a prohibition with well-recognized First Amendment problems. The court went on to state, "the appearance of the seal, although completely innocuous, would definitely 'imply' to many users that permission for use had been obtained. Defendants have articulated no compelling state interest that would be furthered by restricting the linking function in this way.