Introduction Turbot(Scophthalmus maximus, Psetta maxima) aquaculture is a steadily growing industry with a production of approximately 77,000 t in 2013 11. However, intensive production of marine fish larvae is still hampered due to high and unpredictable survival rates[2]. These mortalities are often pathogen-associated 131 since the immune system of the larvae is not yet fully developed 4-7 During these immune compromised early stages, which especially