AMF is a
ubiquitous symbiosis in any ecosystem, probably occurring
in over two-thirds of vascular plant species [21]. In addition
to AMF associations, plants are also associated with
DSE fungi, which are characterized by melanized septate
hyphae and microsclerotia [27] that colonize root tissues
intracellularly and intercellularly. The widespread occurrence
and abundance of DSE suggest not only ubiquitous
presence and lack of host specificity but also a role of
importance in natural ecosystems