Management science is concerned with a number of different areas of study including developing and applying models and concepts that may prove useful in helping to illuminate management issues and solve problems. Management science research can be done on three levels:
A fundamental level that lies in three mathematical disciplines: probability, optimization, and dynamic systems theory,
A modeling level that builds models, gathers data, and analyzes them mathematically, and
An application level, just as any other engineering discipline that has strong aspirations to make a practical impact in the real world.