Factors contributing to obligatory osmotic exchanges
Surface area to volume ratios(animals with large SA to volume hydrate and dehydrate rapidly
)
Permeability of the integument(amphibian skin is highly permeable; mammalian skin is relatively impermeable)
Feeding, metabolic factors and excretion(water taken in during feeding and produced as an end-product of metabolism; excretion of nitrogenous wastes accompanied by the loss of water)
Respiration(water loss at the respiratory epithelium in terrestrial animals)