concentration, indicating less susceptibility to lose its original
structure with shearing.
The characteristic time, tc corresponds to the reciprocal of the
shear rate when the shear thinning behavior began, and increased
with an increase in WPC concentration at XG 0.05%, and remained
nearly constant at XG 0.15% (19–21 s). This means that at a high tc
value, the sample starts the shear thinning behavior at a lower
shear rate. The critical shear rate obtained from the intersection
of the power-law and the constant viscosity region is close to
1 s1 for XG 0.05%, and to 0.1 s1 for XG 0.15%, after this, the up
and down flow curves overlapped (shear steps 3 and 4). tc for XG
aqueous phase at 0.05%, was higher when compared to their