3.3. NANA Shows Skin Lightening
The skin lightening effect by NANA becomes the focus of study here. Having tyrosinase assay, NANA inhibited
both mushroom and human tyrosinases in a dose-dependent manner (Figure 3(a)). The IC50 of NANA on mushroom
tyrosinase and human tyrosinase was 16.93 mM, and 0.10 mM, respectively (Figure 3(a)). The original
Km for mushroom and human tyrosinase on L-DOPA were 1.491 mM and 0.545 mM, respectively; and Vmax
were 0.394 μM/min and 0.308 μM/min, respectively. Observed from Lineweaver-Burk plot, the values of Km
and Vmax of tyrosinase were altered in the presence of NANA: the changes were in a dose-dependent manner
(Figure 3(b)). By adding 10 mM NANA to the mushroom enzyme, the Km increased from 1.491 to 1.818 mM,
while the Vmax decreased from 0.394 to 0.287 μM/min. In human tyrosinase, the effect of NANA did not