However, the systems perspective should not be viewed as a panacea. The system's framework has its limitations, the most telling being its abstractness. It is one thing to argue that every-thing depends on everything else. It is a much different thing to offer suggestions to managers on what precisely will change, and to what degree, if a certain action is taken. Its value, therefore, lies more in its conceptual framework than in its direct applicability to solving managers' organizational problems