Conclusion
Leaving a sedentary lifestyle in favor of moderate physical activity has beneficial effects on cognitive performance. Recent work indicates that strength training and other physical activities may be at least as beneficial for cognitive performance as activities boosting aerobic fitness. Preliminary evidence also suggests that increases in physical activity may reduce dementia incidence. The evidence on the effects of lifestyle changes towards intellectual engagement on cognitive aging and the incidence of dementia is currently insufficient. Introduction of nutritional supplements may only be beneficial for cognitive performance in groups suffering from deficiencies.