Analysis by groups
There were nine patients considered as immunosuppressed, all of them HIV-1-infected. The HIV subtypes were the following: B (three cases), A1, C, CRF02_AF, CRF02_AG, and CRF11; the subtype of one case was missing. The median (range) total CD4 lymphocyte count was 313.5 (32–877) cells/mm3; the median (range) viral load was 1.97 log (1.56–5.23) copies/ml. Only four patients were on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), three of them with an undetectable viral load. Another patient was an elite controller. No cases of co-infection with HBV or HCV were reported.
There were no differences in clinical features in the two groups, as can be seen in Table 5. In immunosuppressed patients, cutaneous and respiratory symptoms were only described when the total CD4 lymphocyte count was <200 cells/mm3, and digestive symptoms were reported only in patients with >200 cells/mm3. No differences were found in the percentages of patients with increased IgE levels (63% in immunocompetent vs. 66.7% in immunosuppressed patients; p > 0.999, Fisher's exact test). However, absolute eosinophilia was less frequent in immunocompetent patients than in immunosuppressed patients (27.3% vs. 77.8%; p=0.003, Fisher's exact test). Relative eosinophilia was also less frequent in immunocompetent patients (46.7% vs. 88.9; p=0.016, Fisher's exact test).
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