Speaking
a. Definition of speaking Speaking is a means of communication in expressing ideas, information and feeling to others. It is the most essential way in which the speaker can express himself through a language. Brown
3
states that speaking is literally defined as to say things, express thought aloud, and uses the voice. Spoken language and speaking are similar in meaning that how people use the voice loudly that occurs in time cannot go back and change, and it is produced and processed on line. According to Revel
(1979),
communication is an exchange between people, of knowledge, of information, of information, of ideas, of options, of feeling, so there must be concept, ideas, in the fellow speakers of what they are going to say. To able to communicate their ideas, the students should be given opportunity to practice their English.
Chastain (1976)
states that learning to speak is obviously more difficult than learning to understand the spoken language. Although it is difficult but it can be achieved by doing much practice in real situation.
Widdowson (1985
) states that an act of communication through speaking is commonly performed in the face to face interaction and occurs as a part of dialogue or rather form of verbal exchange. What is said therefore, defends on an understanding of what case has been said in the interaction. In this further discussion
Widdowson proposes the term “speaking” for the manifestation of language as usage and reverse to the realization as “talking”