Oxygen demand and total solids are main parameters in assessing
the quality of wastewater. COD is the environmental
parameter, which includes both biological and chemically
oxidizable materials. Hence, in this study COD and TS have
been chosen for analyzing the environmental impact. Table 4
provides the amount of water employed and discharged from
each process for processing 1 kg of raw sheepskins. It is apparent
that the experimental leather processes enjoys a reduction
in total water consumption and discharge by 23 and 24%, respectively,
compared to the control leather process. It is also
evident that the experimental leather process method enjoys
a reduction in water consumption by 52% and discharge by
56% compared to the conventional leather processing assuming
that the green skins (unsalted) are processed till tanning.
In this context, the achievement of reduction of water consumption
to 4.24 l for preserving 1 kg green skins permanently
(tanning) is remarkable. A direct correlation of the observed COD/TS values with the environment may not give proper
consequences. Hence, the COD/TS values have been converted
into emission loads by multiplying COD/TS values
(mg/l) with volume of effluent (liter) per metric ton of raw
skins processed. The COD and TS values and the calculated
emission loads are given in Table 5. The COD and TS values
for experimental leather processing are lower than that for the
control leather processing, in spite of reduced water usage in
experimental leather processing. This is because of the integrated
tanning process, which reduces the environmental
impact.
Oxygen demand and total solids are main parameters in assessingthe quality of wastewater. COD is the environmentalparameter, which includes both biological and chemicallyoxidizable materials. Hence, in this study COD and TS havebeen chosen for analyzing the environmental impact. Table 4provides the amount of water employed and discharged fromeach process for processing 1 kg of raw sheepskins. It is apparentthat the experimental leather processes enjoys a reductionin total water consumption and discharge by 23 and 24%, respectively,compared to the control leather process. It is alsoevident that the experimental leather process method enjoysa reduction in water consumption by 52% and discharge by56% compared to the conventional leather processing assumingthat the green skins (unsalted) are processed till tanning.In this context, the achievement of reduction of water consumptionto 4.24 l for preserving 1 kg green skins permanently(tanning) is remarkable. A direct correlation of the observed COD/TS values with the environment may not give properconsequences. Hence, the COD/TS values have been convertedinto emission loads by multiplying COD/TS values(mg/l) with volume of effluent (liter) per metric ton of rawskins processed. The COD and TS values and the calculatedemission loads are given in Table 5. The COD and TS valuesfor experimental leather processing are lower than that for thecontrol leather processing, in spite of reduced water usage inexperimental leather processing. This is because of the integratedtanning process, which reduces the environmentalimpact.
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