During gastroenteritis, the intestinal mucosa retains absorptive capacity. Sodium and glucose in the correct proportions can be passively cotransported with fluid from the gut lumen into the circulation. Rapid oral rehydration with the appropriate solution has been shown to be as effective as intravenous fluid therapy in restoring intravascular volume and correcting acidosis.
Because gastroenteritis is a condition rather than a disease, it can also be caused in other ways. Accidental poisoning or exposure to toxins, for example, may also cause an inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract, as can some medications. Other medical problems, including an intolerance to certain foods and Crohn's disease, can also cause this condition.