Olive is successfully grown in a climate having moderate cold winters and prolonged hot summers with low humidity. Temperature below 10oC is injurious as it may kill the plant. Winter rest is considered essential for fruit bud differentiation. Most cultivars require at least two months of winter chilling for floral bud initiation. It is one of the most drought resistant trees and thrives well where the annual average rainfall is around 900-1000 mm without irrigation. It grows well on many different kinds of soil, ranging from rocky shallow hillsides to deep fertile valley soils, from acid soils to fairly alkaline soils. It can also tolerate considerable salinity too. However it can’t withstand poorly drained soils and quickly dies if water stands around its roots for few weeks