he case of Austria shows that static definitions of RES targets might lead to the fact that uncertainty in statistical data and unexpected market developments turn the target into one with a low level of ambition, at least in parts of the RES sector. Thus, a crucial question which remains to be answered is: How could EU policy instruments and EU Member States policy instruments adapt to changing deployment, short term market developments (like the strong growth in recent years on the one hand and currently stagnant markets for RES-H on the other hand) and other dynamic parameters? And further: How to define directives in a way that provide incentives for ambitious policy target setting?