To identify firms that satisfy the requirements of the ECG program (as described in Section 2.2),
we require monthly financial data on small businesses.
However, only yearly financial data are available from the CRD.
In addition, data on the purchase cost of oil are unavailable, so we identify these requirements using data on the cost of goods sold.
Using the yearly financial data, we identify firms that satisfy any of the following requirements of the ECG program:
(1) small businesses whose sales in 2008 fell by more 3% from 2007;
(2) small businesses whose cost of goods sold increased by more 20%;
and (3) small businesses whose average net profit or operating income to total sales in 2008 declined by 3%compared with 2007.
The ECG program commenced at the end of October 2008, so its policy effects should appear in firm financial statements after 2009 because the accounting year-end for many firms in Japan is March 31.
Therefore, as a variable for the policy change, we use a year dummy that takes a value of one if the year is 2009 (YearDummy2009t).
If those firms satisfying the ECG program requirements increase their total loans after the program commences, the estimated coefficient for Guaranteei× YearDummy2009t will be positive.
To identify firms that satisfy the requirements of the ECG program (as described in Section 2.2), we require monthly financial data on small businesses. However, only yearly financial data are available from the CRD. In addition, data on the purchase cost of oil are unavailable, so we identify these requirements using data on the cost of goods sold. Using the yearly financial data, we identify firms that satisfy any of the following requirements of the ECG program: (1) small businesses whose sales in 2008 fell by more 3% from 2007; (2) small businesses whose cost of goods sold increased by more 20%; and (3) small businesses whose average net profit or operating income to total sales in 2008 declined by 3%compared with 2007. The ECG program commenced at the end of October 2008, so its policy effects should appear in firm financial statements after 2009 because the accounting year-end for many firms in Japan is March 31. Therefore, as a variable for the policy change, we use a year dummy that takes a value of one if the year is 2009 (YearDummy2009t). If those firms satisfying the ECG program requirements increase their total loans after the program commences, the estimated coefficient for Guaranteei× YearDummy2009t will be positive.
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