Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) is one of the most promising innovative plastics for various end-use applications. This polymer is thermoplastic, renewable, biodegradable and biocompatible, a set of highly attractive attributes for pharmaceutical, biological and medical applications. The raw material of PLA, L-lactic acid, can be produced by fermentation of renewable sugar resources such as starch and other polysaccharides. Moreover, PLA exhibits a remarkable balance of performance properties comparable to traditional thermoplastics processed using conventional plastic processing techniques. From a physical property standpoint it is often loosely compared to polystyrene. Similar to polystyrene, standard grade PLA has high modulus and strength. Moreover, the degradation products of polylactides are nontoxic which enhances practical applications in biomedicine. PLA is currently being commercialized for a wide spectrum of technologically important fields and applications by companies such as Cargill and Dow Chemicals