congo
red (CR) [1-naphthalene sulphonic acid, 3,30-(4,40-biphenylenebis
(azo))bis (4-amino-) disodium salt] is a benzidinebased anionic diazo
dye, also called acidic diazo dye, which have one azo group (\N_N\)
aromatic ring in their structure [5]. Due to its complex aromatic and stability
structure, CR is resistant to biodegradation. Furthermore, this dye
may affect blood factors and respiratory problems would cause various
health problems in the living environment of humans and animals [6,7].
Hence, removal of dyes from waste effluents before it is discarded into
the aquatic environment, has been known to be a major challenge to
the pollution control authorities.