The waste treatment of production waste as well as the end-oflifeof the capacitor were included (i.e. the LCA was from cradle-tograve (ILCD, 2010)). Production waste amounts and treatment was based on production data from the site (personal communication with Alstom Grid). The metallicwastewas recycled and credited for the difference between recycled and primary raw material (ILCD, 2010). After use, the capacitor bank was assumed to be recycled. The steel casing would be emptied and recycled and the contents (insulating oil and capacitor coils) would be used in a waste-toenergy plant. The energy content of the insulating oil and the polypropylene was credited to the system. It was assumed that the energy recovery would take place in a combined heat and power facility. Overall emission values for energy recovery were used, but the carbon dioxide values were updated by using the stoichiometric reactions assuming full oxidation of insulating oil (toluene) and polypropylene.