All cows were submitted to the synchronization protocol as previously described in Experiment 2. However, cows from each farm location at TAI were assigned to one of four treatment groups according to the occurrence of estrus and GnRH administration (22 factorial: no estrus-no GnRH, no estrus-GnRH, estrus-no GnRH, and estrus-GnRH). Timed AI was also
performed 48 to 52 h after intravaginal device removal