Ideas: Monopoly control of trade. Unequal exchange between Metropole and Satellite resulted in the extraction of Surplus Value (Potter and Binns et al, 1999).
“Development and Underdevelopment are opposite sides of the coin: the development of the industrialized world was and is made possible only by the corresponding underdevelopment of the Third World” (Randall and Theobald, 1985, p. 107)