Plavnik et al. (2002) also reported that whole wheat inclusion (200 g/kg whole wheat replacing groundwheat from 1 to 49 d of age) in maize–wheat-based diets had no effect on the abdominal fat pad weights compared to thosefed diets containing ground wheat. However, Preston et al. (2000) reported that the abdominal fat pad of birds fed dietscontaining 330 g/kg whole wheat was increased by 5.3%. Nahas and Lefrancois (2001) reported that whole wheat inclusion(100 and 200 g/kg whole wheat replacing ground wheat from 7 to 21 and 22 to 38 d of age, respectively) increased the fatpad weights in birds fed maize–wheat-based diets. The results of the current study suggest that the geese under-consumedboth WR and GR diet did balance their nutrition intake and achieve the optimal performance.