The therapist informed the patient of his or her assignment to the control group and explained that he or she would receive the live music therapy intervention after reassessment for pain. Next, she facilitated the same comfort measures as for the music therapy group: adjusting the lights, providing a blanket, and turning off the telephones. Then the therapist invited the patient to relax, but gave no special instructions for doing so because the therapist-guided autogenic relaxation was integral to the music therapy intervention. She left the room and placed a “Do Not Disturb” sign on the door. After 20 minutes, she notified the same CNS to return to the patient to reassess pain using the three measures: the NRS, the FLACC Scale, and FPS. After post-test data were collected, the therapist provided the music therapy intervention for each control patient. The therapist gave each patient in the control group a CD of the intervention for future use and provided a CD player on request.