Introduction
The same objective may be achieved in a variety of ways during the process of teaching-learning. We do not follow different paths out of some gratuitous need for variety, much rather we insist on a range of teaching-learning methods because of scientific exigency and expeditiousness. It has been proven from an epistemological and psychological perspective that the various learning strategies lead to different learning results, as it has also been demonstrated that the different learning contents can be processed through different learning paths and with varying efficiency. As long as the successful realisation of educational objectives is at stake, disciplinary methodology and didactics cannot ignore which teaching-learning paths and methods lead to the predefined objectives. Despite still being in its infancy, teaching-learning strategy is one of the most fundamental methodological categories, which has been defined with the appearance of specialisations in the field of didactics and the emergence of didactic and disciplinary research within the pedagogical scientific framework.
1. What do we mean by teaching-learning strategy?
It has transpired from the introductory notes that the optimal paths and methods should be considered when exploring the question of strategies. We should think of “scripts” that reveal how the pre- specified objectives can be achieved: how knowledge can be obtained, how concepts can be shaped, how a knowledge system can be constructed, how the applicable knowledge can be moulded, how skills, proficiencies and abilities can be developed.
When defining teaching-learning strategies, Sándor Nagy emphasises that the student is able to construct his/her fundamental thinking-learning operations and arrives at a stage where s/he will be able to efficiently apply the same in different situations. Thus, the teaching-learning strategy becomes the student’s learning strategy (Nagy, 1993, 46).
The strategy is such a complex system of methods, tools, organisational styles and forms aimed at achieving goals which is based on a coherent theoretical basis and which has a particular syntax (the definition and given order of executable steps) and is realised in a particular learning environment (Falus, 1998, 274). It is clear from the definition that while teaching content answers the questions “What shall we teach?,” strategy reveals “How we should teach?,” yet it is not to be confused with the concept of method. For strategy does not refer to the organisation and realisation of a short educational moment, rather it is a long-term paradigmatic direction, perhaps covering several lessons. The paradigmatic nature means that strategies are always constructed according to the philosophical, logical or psychological theories of learning and knowing. Devising the content for a subject like
แนะนำวัตถุประสงค์เดียวกันอาจทำได้หลายวิธีในระหว่างกระบวนการเรียนรู้สอน เราไปตามเส้นทางที่แตกต่างจากบางต้องดีหลาย มากแต่เรายืนยันในหลากหลายวิธีการเรียนการสอนทางวิทยาศาสตร์ exigency และ expeditiousness มันได้รับการพิสูจน์จากมุมมอง epistemological และจิตใจการที่กลยุทธ์การเรียนรู้ต่าง ๆ นำไปสู่ผลการเรียนรู้ที่แตกต่างกัน ดังนั้นมียังการที่เนื้อหาการเรียนรู้ต่าง ๆ สามารถทำ ผ่านเส้นทางการเรียนแตกต่างกัน และ มีประสิทธิภาพที่แตกต่างกัน ตราบใดที่ปัญหาประสบความสำเร็จของวัตถุประสงค์ทางการศึกษาอยู่ในภาวะเสี่ยง วินัยวิธีและ didactics ไม่สามารถละเว้นการสอนเรียนรู้เส้นทางและวิธีนำไปสู่วัตถุประสงค์ที่กำหนดไว้ล่วงหน้า ยังคง อยู่ในของตราสินค้า กลยุทธ์การเรียนการสอนเป็นหนึ่งในที่สุดพื้นฐาน methodological ประเภท ซึ่งมีการกำหนดลักษณะที่ปรากฏของ specialisations ใน didactics และเกิดพลวัต และหน่วยงานวิจัยภายใต้กรอบวิทยาศาสตร์สอน1 เราหมาย โดยกลยุทธ์การเรียนการสอนIt has transpired from the introductory notes that the optimal paths and methods should be considered when exploring the question of strategies. We should think of “scripts” that reveal how the pre- specified objectives can be achieved: how knowledge can be obtained, how concepts can be shaped, how a knowledge system can be constructed, how the applicable knowledge can be moulded, how skills, proficiencies and abilities can be developed.When defining teaching-learning strategies, Sándor Nagy emphasises that the student is able to construct his/her fundamental thinking-learning operations and arrives at a stage where s/he will be able to efficiently apply the same in different situations. Thus, the teaching-learning strategy becomes the student’s learning strategy (Nagy, 1993, 46).The strategy is such a complex system of methods, tools, organisational styles and forms aimed at achieving goals which is based on a coherent theoretical basis and which has a particular syntax (the definition and given order of executable steps) and is realised in a particular learning environment (Falus, 1998, 274). It is clear from the definition that while teaching content answers the questions “What shall we teach?,” strategy reveals “How we should teach?,” yet it is not to be confused with the concept of method. For strategy does not refer to the organisation and realisation of a short educational moment, rather it is a long-term paradigmatic direction, perhaps covering several lessons. The paradigmatic nature means that strategies are always constructed according to the philosophical, logical or psychological theories of learning and knowing. Devising the content for a subject like
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