Participants and setting: Participants were purposely selected from four regions of Thailand (i.e., north, northeast, central, southern), and from rural and urban regions. The settings of data collection were one province from each region: Nan (north), Nakhon Ratchasima (northeast), Kanchanaburi (central), and Songkla (south). Settings were further chosen with one urban and one rural area in the selected provinces targeted for participant recruitment. The inclusion criteria were: (a) being a Thai aged 60 years or older; (b) living in urban or rural areas/communities; (c) not suffering severe disabilities or severe dementia; and (d) able to understand and speak Thai. Approximately eight persons participated in each of eight focus groups in the four selected provinces, 64 older adults in all. The participants were selected through collaboration with health personnel from local health centres in the selected areas. The sample of potential participants was purposively drawn to include their varying levels of personal characteristics, in terms of ages, gender, marital status, socio-economic status, levels of education, and health status obtained from their medical records. They were contacted and invited to participate in this study by health personnel and the principal investigator (PI).