followed up Kraepelin's cases of paraphrenia and challenged the validity of this category because a majority of the patients had an outcome similar to that of dementia praecox. Karl olle (1931) followed up cases of paranoia and suggested it overlapped with dementia praecox. In his revi sion of Paranoia Kruger (1917) described paranoia as "erec- of a system of delusions of persecution and grandeur, which is constructed and developed logically, does not go outside the realms of possibility, does not alter the subjects personality apart from a narrowing of his sphere of interest which may diminish his psychological adaptability, and fi- nally does not affect the subjects perception in areas which are not important to the delusion system and the illness is notably chronic'. r's description of paranoia and emphasized purely psychogenic basis for paranoia in contrast