Camelina sativa is an oilseed crop that is currently being commercially produced in the USA as a feedstock for biodiesel. It is also known as gold of pleasure and false flax. Seeds and the fruit (siliculas) of Camelina sativa ssp. C. linicola (Schimp. and Spenn.), have been found in archaeological excavations from the Bronze Age in Scandinavia and Western Europe. In Russia and European countries Camelina was grown as an agricultural crop before the Second World War and up to the nineteen fifties. It holds promise as a source of human food and animal feed products.The renewed focus on this crop is mainly due to search for the new sources of essential fatty acids, particularly n-3(omega-3) fatty acids. The seed of Camelina can contain more than 40 % oil, 90 % of which is made up of unsaturated fatty acids, including a 30–40% fraction of alpha linolenic acid, another 15–25% fraction of linoleic acid, about a 15% fraction of oleic acid and around 15% eicosenoic acid. Tocopherol content is about 700 mg kg-1. Camelina has potential
as a source of lower cost vegetable oil for biodiesel. In this paper an overview of Camelina sativa as an alternative oilseed crop has been discussed in detail as how it can be potentially utilized for food, feed and industrial purposes.