the beginning of period t (Ot). We assume three alternative targets: inflation target, p ,
product target, h
t
, and exchange rate target, e
t
.
This formulation opens the possibility that the monetary authorities target expected
inflation, expected output gap and expected exchange rate. In addition, we assume that the
central banks have a tendency to smooth changes in the interest rates (e.g., Goodfriend,
1991). Thus,