4. Apparatus 4.1 Distillation apparatus, as illustrated in Fig consisting of a boiling flask, a graduated separatory funnel. Graham-type condenser, a volumetric flask(with marks added at 25-mL intervals), and two- and three-way connecting tubes. All connections of the apparatus are 24/40 ground glass joints. 4.2 Heater, electric, with temperature control, for use with boiling flask 4.3 Ice bath, a beaker or dish with crushed ice into which volumetric receiving flask is immersed Spectrophotometer or filter colorimeter, for measuring light absorbance at 630 nm, with matched glass