Just as family's effect on children's game addiction is
significant [22], family's effect on children's smart phone
addiction is also substantial. Parental variables that affect
smart phone addiction are parents' education, age, income,
whether parents are working together, raising attitude,
attitudes towards smart phone, and addiction tendency.
In many studies, the lower the parents' income and
education [18] were, the higher the possibility of children
having problems [27] was. When parents' education is lower,
knowledge about seriousness of smart phone addiction is also
lower, so it is easy to give smart phone to their children,
resulting in higher smart phone addiction rate. Parents with
poor income cannot afford expensive smart phone, so their
children's smart phone addiction rate might be low. However,
adults' smart phone adoption rate has reached almost 90%,
and non-adoption group is limited to old-aged group, so
almost all low income parents have smart phones. They lack
resources to raise their children, so they easily let their
children use smart phones same as game addiction of children
[26]. Therefore, the lower the parents' income is, the higher
their children's smart phone addiction rate is.