Find a way to connect so that they can relate to you. Start off small and show a genuine interest in what they have to say.
Once you've made a positive connection and the student can trust you, you'd be surprised how fast they might open up to talking about their hopes, fears, home life, etc.
This is when you need to exercise professional discretion and be prepared for what the student might bring up.
Explain that you do not want to violate his or her trust but that, as an educator, you are required by law to report certain things.