Waste bioremediation is a key regulating ecosystemservice, removingwastes from ecosystems through storage,
burial and recycling. The bivalve Mytilus edulis is an important contributor to this service, and is used inmanaging
eutrophicwaters. Studies show that they are affected by changes in pH due to ocean acidification, reducing their
growth. This is forecasted to lead to reductions inM. edulis biomass of up to 50% by 2100. Growth reduction will
negatively affect the filtering capacity of each individual, potentially leading to a decrease in bioremediation of
waste. This paper critically reviews the current state of knowledge of bioremediation of waste carried out by
M. edulis, and the current knowledge of the resultant effect of ocean acidification on this key service. We show
that the effects of ocean acidification on waste bioremediation could be a major issue and pave the way for
empirical studies of the topic.