The results show that smokers with reduced nicotine metabolism benefit more than NMs from extended (6-month) transdermal nicotine therapy as compared to standard (8-week) therapy. At the end of extended therapy, the treatment effect was significant among RMs by genotype and phenotype but not among NMs; however, the group-by-treatment interaction was significant only for the genotype measure. The substantial benefits of extended therapy for RMs were maintained during the treatment period, and quit rates exceeded the 6-month quit rates achieved with 12 weeks of bupropion or varenicline therapy.11 However, these benefits for RMs dissipate once treatment ends, suggesting that they may benefit more from even longer treatment.
The higher treatment-related plasma nicotine levels among RMs as compared with NMs may contribute to the greater quitting success in RMs during transdermal nicotine therapy. In addition, in RMs, the pharmacokinetics of transdermal nicotine (i.e., stable nicotine levels) may be more similar to that of nicotine derived from smoking, whereas NMs may be more accustomed to intercigarette variation (peaks and troughs) in nicotine levels from smoking. It appears that the benefit of transdermal nicotine is maintained among RMs but only as long as therapy is continued (Figure 1). The differences in outcome between RMs and NMs cannot be attributed to differences in dependence or smoking rate because these variables were controlled for in the models and are not strongly associated with nicotine metabolism rate, as shown in earlier studies.12,13
The results show that smokers with reduced nicotine metabolism benefit more than NMs from extended (6-month) transdermal nicotine therapy as compared to standard (8-week) therapy. At the end of extended therapy, the treatment effect was significant among RMs by genotype and phenotype but not among NMs; however, the group-by-treatment interaction was significant only for the genotype measure. The substantial benefits of extended therapy for RMs were maintained during the treatment period, and quit rates exceeded the 6-month quit rates achieved with 12 weeks of bupropion or varenicline therapy.11 However, these benefits for RMs dissipate once treatment ends, suggesting that they may benefit more from even longer treatment.The higher treatment-related plasma nicotine levels among RMs as compared with NMs may contribute to the greater quitting success in RMs during transdermal nicotine therapy. In addition, in RMs, the pharmacokinetics of transdermal nicotine (i.e., stable nicotine levels) may be more similar to that of nicotine derived from smoking, whereas NMs may be more accustomed to intercigarette variation (peaks and troughs) in nicotine levels from smoking. It appears that the benefit of transdermal nicotine is maintained among RMs but only as long as therapy is continued (Figure 1). The differences in outcome between RMs and NMs cannot be attributed to differences in dependence or smoking rate because these variables were controlled for in the models and are not strongly associated with nicotine metabolism rate, as shown in earlier studies.12,13
การแปล กรุณารอสักครู่..
