The study also offers a potential avenue for future research that focuses more explicitly on institutional and disciplinary differences in energy literacy, and on enhancements to curriculum and campus which might help develop students’ energy literacy. Scope also exists for further exploration of the impact of HE institutions on students’ energy literacy and, reciprocally, the impact of students’ energy literacy on institutions. In an environment where institutions are attempting to reduce energy use and carbon emissions, enhanced energy literacy could have mutual benefits. However, it is also important to remember that students have limited agency with respect to energy issues during their time at university. Future research might therefore also explore the impact that increasing graduates’ energy literacy has on energy-saving behaviours after graduation and in the workplace.