Unfortunately in most regions of earth, the underground geological resources
(minerals) are superimposed by above ground biological resources (forests). This is
particularly more prominent in India. Hence mining operations necessarily involves
deforestation, habitat destruction and biodiversity erosion. The extraction and
processing of ores and minerals also lead to widespread environmental pollution.
However, mankind also cannot afford to give up the underground geological
resources which are basic raw materials for development. Physico- chemical
parameters and concentration of heavy metals Pb2+, Zn2+, Ni2+, Co2+, As3+, Cu2+,
Fe2+, Mn2+ and Sn2+were analyzed in mined soil areas and found that most
parameters and metals concentration exceeds the permissible limit and concluded that
ex-mining catchment has a high pollution potential due to mining activities (Ashraf et
al., 2010).