There were 177,012 enterprises operating in Indonesia in 2007. Only an estimated 15 per cent of them had received some form of technical OSH assistance. However, of those that received assistance, only about 20 per cent were classified as micro, small or medium enterprises (MSMEs). Yet, MSMEs employ some 87.4 per cent of Indonesia's workforce. Because of their size, they experience many challenges to implementing good OSH practices. Hence, it is important to examine the OSH conditions in MSMEs to clearly understand their needs.