Fecal culture has been the primary method used to diagnose paratuberculosis in goats. It is
laborious, slow, and expensive. Validation of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) on milk samples
could make paratuberculosis testing more widely available for goat farmers. The aim of this study was to
determine the accuracy of serum and milk ELISAs for paratuberculosis, relative to fecal culture, in Chilean
dairy goats. Eight dairy goat herds were selected. Feces, blood, and milk samples were collected from all
female goats .2 years old. Fecal samples were cultured using Herrold egg yolk medium with mycobactin J
and antibiotics. Serum and milk samples were tested using a commercial ELISA kit for Mycobacterium avium
subsp. paratuberculosis antibody detection. A total of 383 goats were tested by ELISA and fecal culture. The
sensitivity of ELISA on serum and milk relative to fecal culture was 74.3% (95% CI: 59.8–88.8) and 60% (95%
CI: 43.8–76.2), respectively. The corresponding values for ELISA specificity based on the percentage of non-
M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis–infected goats testing ELISA-negative were 98.6% (95% CI: 96.6–100) and
99.3% (95% CI: 97.9–100) on serum and milk, respectively. Proportions of positive results for serum and fecal
samples were significantly different, whereas the proportions of positive results for milk and fecal samples
were not significantly different. The milk ELISA had a moderate level of agreement with fecal culture results
(Kappa 5 0.57). The paratuberculosis ELISA on goat milk samples may be a cost-effective, accurate
alternative to fecal culture.
Fecal culture has been the primary method used to diagnose paratuberculosis in goats. It islaborious, slow, and expensive. Validation of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) on milk samplescould make paratuberculosis testing more widely available for goat farmers. The aim of this study was todetermine the accuracy of serum and milk ELISAs for paratuberculosis, relative to fecal culture, in Chileandairy goats. Eight dairy goat herds were selected. Feces, blood, and milk samples were collected from allfemale goats .2 years old. Fecal samples were cultured using Herrold egg yolk medium with mycobactin Jand antibiotics. Serum and milk samples were tested using a commercial ELISA kit for Mycobacterium aviumsubsp. paratuberculosis antibody detection. A total of 383 goats were tested by ELISA and fecal culture. Thesensitivity of ELISA on serum and milk relative to fecal culture was 74.3% (95% CI: 59.8–88.8) and 60% (95%CI: 43.8–76.2), respectively. The corresponding values for ELISA specificity based on the percentage of non-M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis–infected goats testing ELISA-negative were 98.6% (95% CI: 96.6–100) and99.3% (95% CI: 97.9–100) on serum and milk, respectively. Proportions of positive results for serum and fecalsamples were significantly different, whereas the proportions of positive results for milk and fecal sampleswere not significantly different. The milk ELISA had a moderate level of agreement with fecal culture results(Kappa 5 0.57). The paratuberculosis ELISA on goat milk samples may be a cost-effective, accuratealternative to fecal culture.
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