Social psychologists were frequently billeted in interdisciplinary programs, such as the Institute for Human Relations at Yale, the Institute for Social Research at Michigan, the Department of Social Relations at Harvard, and the Department of Social Psychology at Columbia, where they worked side by side with Clyde Kluckholm, John Whiting, Margaret Mead, and other eminent scholars. Researchers in many places used the Human Relations Area Files (Whiting & Child, 1953) to empirically test postulated relationships between cultural practices or circumstances and features of modal personality (see also McClelland and colleagues', 1961, extensive work linking culture to achievement motivation)