Methodology – in-company researchIn-company research was carried out to understandhow much employees perceived each success factor waspresent during the transformation program.Multiple sources of evidence including survey data,workshops and analysis of documentation were used indeveloping this case study (Eisenhardt, 1989), which wasconducted using an agreed case study protocol. In additiontwo of the authors Bayliss and Grant were employed in thecompany occupying roles aimed at assessing the effective-ness of this change program.The main method was a survey as it allowed for thecollection of a large amount of data from a sizeable popula-tion in a relatively short timescale. A postal questionnairewas designed to establish whether the top 9 factors werepresent and it was administered to a cross-section of thestaff at the Base. Sampling was chosen as it was not possi-ble to survey the entire workforce, due to resource and timeconstraints. The researchers wanted to establish if differ-ent views existed across the company. In order to be ableto compare and contrast opinion from different employeecategories it was considered appropriate to use a strati-fied sampling technique. Table 4 shows the sample framebroken down by management grade.The sampling technique used for this study is probabil-ity sampling whereby the probability of each case beingselected from the population is known and is usually equalin most cases (Saunders et al., 2007). Out of a sample size of345, 210 surveys were returned, giving a total response rateof 61%. The active response rate, once any invalid responseswere removed was 60%. The data was input into a MicrosoftExcel spreadsheet and analysis conducted using a mixtureof Excel and Minitab.In addition to the survey, and to build a richer pictureof this case, 20 workshops were held during the researchperiod, attended by 250 middle and senior managers. Theseworkshops were carried out as part of a training part-nership agreement between the University of StrathclydeBusiness School and BIG. The overall purpose of theseworkshops was to up-skill the management populationin performance management and measurement tools andtechniques – specifically Strategy Mapping and BalancedScorecard approaches.One section of these workshops was devoted to the anal-ysis of the implementation of the Balanced Scorecard at theFaslane facility. The format of this analysis included pre-sentation of the Faslane case by the Business ImprovementDirector who then led a discussion session where work-shop attendees were invited to comment and discuss theirviews on all aspects of the change program. This discus-sion was observed by academics and notes were taken.This activity was included within the workshops for tworeasons; firstly, from an industrial perspective, the objec-tive was to determine how best to use the experience ofthe Faslane implementation to facilitate roll-out of thismethodology in other parts of the company; and secondly,from an academic perspective, the objective was to analysethe ramifications of this case study for the wider debateson performance measurement.