The test samples are of plain, louver, and VG configurations with the number of tube row being 1, 2, and 4. The corresponding fin pitches (Fp) are 1.6 and 2.0 mm, respectively. Test results are in terms of heat transfer coefficient and pressure drops. Fig. 3 denotes the test results for N = 1 for plain, louver and semi-dimple VG geometry. For N = 1 and Fp= 1.6 mm, it appears that the heat transfer coefficients and pressure drops for louver fin geometry is higherthan those of semi-dimple VG and plain fin geometry. Saboya and Sparrow [29] performed naphthalene sublimating method for the plain fin geometry. They showed that the development of the boundary layer is the most crucial point for the 1-row configuration, yet the effect of vortex may become more important as the velocity increases. Therefore, as shown in Fig. 3 with the plain fin geometry, the effect of fin pitch diminished when Vfr>2ms 1 (for plain fin geometry). On the other hand, for Vfr<2ms1, the heat transfer coefficient for the plain fin geometry with Fp= 2.0mm is lower than that of Fp= 1.6 mm. Note that the results with respect to the fin pitch for plain fin geometry is especially prominent for N = 1. The subsequent results have shown that the difference in heat transfer coefficient in association with fin pitch is comparatively small when N =2 or N = 4. The phenomenon can be further explained from the numerical results of the effect offin pitch carried out by Torikoshi et al [30] . From their simulation, it appears that the vortex generated behind the tube can be suppressed and the entire flow region remains steady and laminar when the fin pitch is small enough. A further increase of the fin pitch would result in a noticeable increase of cross-stream width of vortex region behind the tube. As a result, lower heat transfer performance is seen for a larger Fp with the 1-row configuration at a low frontal velocity. For the numerical results of 2-row configuration by Torikoshi and Xi [31] , the first row cylinder is stabilized due to the existence of the second tube row rather than in the wake of the first row. Therefore, the 2-row coil still reveals similarresults as those of 1-row coils. However, better mixing with the presence of additional tube row may reduce the influence of fin pitch for N = 2 relative to N =1.
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