The oil palm, Elaeis guineensis Jacq. (Arecaceae) is commercially significant owing to the production of palm oil and palm kernel oil derived from its fruit’s flesh (meso- carp) and kernel, respectively (Corley & Tinker 2007). Although the oil palm is native to West Africa, it is mainly cultivated in Malaysia, Indonesia, East Africa, and South America (Blaizat & Cuvier 1953). Malaysia is one of the world’s leading producers of palm oil with a current planted area of approximately 4.0 million ha. The oil palm was planted commercially for the first time in 1917 in Peninsular Malaysia, where it replaced rubberwood plantations and
forests (Fitzherbert et al. 2008). A huge amount of residue is generated while cultivating the oil palm. The main residue in the field is the frond pruned while harvesting fresh fruit bunches. The trunk is the second most common residue after the frond, and a large amount is generated approximately 25 years after planting, because the trunk is clear-cut to prevent a decrease in fruit yield. The quantity of pruned frond is approximately 20 million t/year in oven- dried weight, followed by the trunk and empty fruit bunch (EFB) (each of which approximately 3 million t/ year)(Basiron & Husin 1997, Husin 2000).
The oil palm, Elaeis guineensis Jacq. (Arecaceae) is commercially significant owing to the production of palm oil and palm kernel oil derived from its fruit’s flesh (meso- carp) and kernel, respectively (Corley & Tinker 2007). Although the oil palm is native to West Africa, it is mainly cultivated in Malaysia, Indonesia, East Africa, and South America (Blaizat & Cuvier 1953). Malaysia is one of the world’s leading producers of palm oil with a current planted area of approximately 4.0 million ha. The oil palm was planted commercially for the first time in 1917 in Peninsular Malaysia, where it replaced rubberwood plantations andforests (Fitzherbert et al. 2008). A huge amount of residue is generated while cultivating the oil palm. The main residue in the field is the frond pruned while harvesting fresh fruit bunches. The trunk is the second most common residue after the frond, and a large amount is generated approximately 25 years after planting, because the trunk is clear-cut to prevent a decrease in fruit yield. The quantity of pruned frond is approximately 20 million t/year in oven- dried weight, followed by the trunk and empty fruit bunch (EFB) (each of which approximately 3 million t/ year)(Basiron & Husin 1997, Husin 2000).
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