Bisphenol A (BPA) is a ubiquitous pollutant around the globe, but whether environmental concentrations
have toxic effects remains controversial. BPA interferes with a number of nuclear receptor pathways,
including several that mediate animal responses to environmental input. Because thermal acclimation is
regulated by these pathways in fish, we hypothesized that the toxicity of BPA would change with
ambient temperature. We exposed zebrafish (Danio rerio) to ecologically relevant and artificially high
concentrations of BPA at two acclimation temperatures, and tested physiological responses at two test
temperatures that corresponded to acclimation temperatures. We found ecologically relevant concentrations
of BPA (20 mg l1) impair swimming performance, heart rate, muscle and cardiac SERCA activity
and gene expression. We show many of these responses are temperature-specific and non-monotonic.
Our results suggest that BPA pollution can compound the effects of climate change, and that its effects
are more dynamic than toxicological assessments currently account for
Bisphenol A (BPA) is a ubiquitous pollutant around the globe, but whether environmental concentrationshave toxic effects remains controversial. BPA interferes with a number of nuclear receptor pathways,including several that mediate animal responses to environmental input. Because thermal acclimation isregulated by these pathways in fish, we hypothesized that the toxicity of BPA would change withambient temperature. We exposed zebrafish (Danio rerio) to ecologically relevant and artificially highconcentrations of BPA at two acclimation temperatures, and tested physiological responses at two testtemperatures that corresponded to acclimation temperatures. We found ecologically relevant concentrationsof BPA (20 mg l1) impair swimming performance, heart rate, muscle and cardiac SERCA activityand gene expression. We show many of these responses are temperature-specific and non-monotonic.Our results suggest that BPA pollution can compound the effects of climate change, and that its effectsare more dynamic than toxicological assessments currently account for
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