Instrumentation
The following scales were used to measure the organizational variables. Organizational communication was measured using the five-dimension supervisor-subordinate communication scale developed by Penley and Hawkins (1985). It includes 19 questionnaire items with a six-point Likert-type scale. The five dimensions of communication are task, performance, career, personal communication and communication responsiveness. Job stress was measured using the job stress scale, developed by Montgomery et al. (1996). This is a six-item five-point Likert-type response scale. Organizational commitment was measured using a Likert scale adapted by Kim et al. (1996) from Mowday and Steers (1979) original scale. The job performance instrument was a four-item, seven-point self-appraisal job performance scale (Yousef, 2000)