One hundred years ago in 1912, a young architect was assigned from Hong Kong to Shanghai to expand business for his agency. With talent and luck, he got a project, executed it superbly and thus won a galaxy of notable projects, most of which are still glistening on the crescent Bund.
The architect was George Leopold Wilson, then 32, from Messrs Palmer & Turner Co. And the first project that brought him good fortune was the Union Building, widely known today as Three on the Bund.
In 1916 the Far Eastern Review newspaper called the six-story building one of the most noteworthy advances in construction and design in Shanghai - it used a steel skeleton, a technological advance that would make skyscrapers possible.
"The lines of the building are beautiful and the structure is graceful in the extreme, forming a noteworthy monument to the skill of the architects, Messrs Palmer and Turner," it said.
Even the blueprint showed a distinctive structure, notes Shanghai Tongji University Professor Qian Zonghao.
"With a corner tower topped by golden argosy weather vane 150 feet (45.72m) above the ground, the edifice is built with skeletal steel framework, a bold new technique which was used in Shanghai for the first time," Qian says.
He defined the style as "free Renaissance," marked by vertical lines expressing the skeleton construction.
According to Lou Chenghao's new book "Shanghai's Architects and Builders 1840-1949," the edifice 46 meters high was the tallest building in the city of then. The previous record was held by the 40-meter-high, Song Dynasty (960-1279) Longhua Pagoda for more than 1,000 years. Before the Union Building, the tallest structure on the Bund was the former Palace Hotel.
Three on the Bund was the first Bund building to be renovated for commercial use - a hub of high-end restaurants, luxury shops, spa and art gallery. Like the Xintiandi project, the renovation that began in 2001 was controversial because it dramatically altered the original interior. Tourists and merchants loved it while preservationists disliked it and believed it opened a kind of Pandora's box bringing "mercantilism" back to the Bund.
In the book "Images and Legends of the Shanghai Bund" (2008), local writer Chen Danyan recalled the only party held on the empty plaza right before renovation began.
"The empty building was full of the smells of cold concrete and lime powder, which mingled with the aroma of fresh basil and melting cheese from a Hilton hotel buffet serving here, and a variety of fragrance from the bodies of guests," she wrote.
"In the mixture of smells, the Bund was awake. Her thirst for money and gold, spirit of adventure and ambition to seize and develop in a heartless way, all woke up."
Dating back to the 1910s, the ground, first, second, third and fourth floors were leased out as offices, part of the first floor being occupied by the Union Insurance Society, the owners of the building.
On the fifth floor were residential flats of the highest class, with roof gardens on the flat concrete roof. These flats command a magnificent view of the river and of Shanghai. The height ensured coolness and quietness, a treasure to enjoy in a city with hot summers and without air-conditioners.
With windows on three sides, the office on the ground floor, which had been taken by an American import and export house, was the largest single office without dividing walls in Shanghai.
The building is also known for one of its former tenants, the Mercantile Bank of India, whose Chinese name You Li was used as the building's name.
In 1941 Japanese invaders occupied the building. The bank restarted business four years later but retreated from China in 1949. In 1953 another legendary architect moved to work in the building, Chen Zhi, director of the Civil Design Institute of Shanghai. A graduate of the University of Pennsylvania from the United States, the man was among the first to record and preserve the city's historical buildings after the 1950s.
"The plinth of the building is of granite, the remainder of the filling walls being of brickwork finished with an artificial stone facing," Professor Qian says. "The principal entrance was flanked by massive granite columns with carved pediments, leading to an imposing entrance hall. It is really the first masterpiece of Palmer & Turner in Shanghai."
Founded by William Salway in 1868 in Hong Kong, Palmer & Turner had a Chinese name "Ba Ma Dan Na," a Cantonese translation of its English name. As soon as the Union Building was completed, the firm moved its Shanghai office in, created a nice Mandarin name "Kung-woo," or "Fair and Harmonious" and developed dramatically in this "Paris on the Wangpoo (Huangpu) River."
Within decades the company created more than 30 excellent structures in Shanghai, including eight of the 23 waterfront Bund buildings, such as the HSBC Building and the Sassoon House. After 60 years' absence from the city since World War II, the company made its way
หนึ่งร้อยปีค.ศ. 1912 สถาปนิกหนุ่มกำหนดจาก Hong Kong ไปเซี่ยงไฮ้เพื่อขยายธุรกิจสำหรับหน่วยงานของเขา ด้วยพรสวรรค์และโชค เขามีโครงการ ดำเนินการยอดเยี่ยม และดังนั้น ชนะกาแลโครงการเด่น มากที่สุดซึ่งจะยังระยิบระยับตัดบนเสี้ยวบันด์สถาปนิกคือ George Leopold Wilson แล้ว 32 จาก Messrs พาล์มเมอร์แอนด์เทอร์เนอร์ จำกัด และโครงการแรกที่นำเขาโชคดีมีอาคาร สหภาพ เป็นที่รู้จักอย่างกว้างวันนี้สามออนเดอะบันด์ในปี 1916 เทิร์นรีวิวหนังสือพิมพ์เรียกว่าอาคารหกชั้นหนึ่งก้าวที่สำคัญที่สุดในการก่อสร้างและออกแบบในเซี่ยงไฮ้ - มันใช้โครงกระดูกเหล็ก ล่วงหน้าทางเทคโนโลยีที่จะทำให้ตึกเป็นไปได้มันกล่าวว่า "บรรทัดของอาคารมีความสวยงาม และโครงสร้างสง่างามที่สุด สร้างอนุสาวรีย์สำคัญทักษะของสถาปนิก Messrs พาล์มเมอร์และตะหลิวแม้พิมพ์เขียวแสดงโครงสร้างโดดเด่น บันทึกเซี่ยงไฮ้ถงจี้มหาวิทยาลัยศาสตราจารย์เคียน Zonghao"กับหอมุมมุง ด้วยใบพัดอากาศสำเภาทอง 150 ฟุต (45.72 เมตร) เหนือพื้นดิน คฤหาสน์ขึ้นอยู่กับโครงกระดูกเหล็กกรอบ เทคนิคใหม่หนาซึ่งถูกใช้ในเซี่ยงไฮ้เป็นครั้งแรก เคียนกล่าวว่าเขากำหนดรูปแบบเป็น "ฟรีเรเนซองส์ ทำเครื่องหมาย ด้วยเส้นแนวตั้งที่แสดงการก่อสร้างโครงกระดูกAccording to Lou Chenghao's new book "Shanghai's Architects and Builders 1840-1949," the edifice 46 meters high was the tallest building in the city of then. The previous record was held by the 40-meter-high, Song Dynasty (960-1279) Longhua Pagoda for more than 1,000 years. Before the Union Building, the tallest structure on the Bund was the former Palace Hotel.Three on the Bund was the first Bund building to be renovated for commercial use - a hub of high-end restaurants, luxury shops, spa and art gallery. Like the Xintiandi project, the renovation that began in 2001 was controversial because it dramatically altered the original interior. Tourists and merchants loved it while preservationists disliked it and believed it opened a kind of Pandora's box bringing "mercantilism" back to the Bund.In the book "Images and Legends of the Shanghai Bund" (2008), local writer Chen Danyan recalled the only party held on the empty plaza right before renovation began."The empty building was full of the smells of cold concrete and lime powder, which mingled with the aroma of fresh basil and melting cheese from a Hilton hotel buffet serving here, and a variety of fragrance from the bodies of guests," she wrote."In the mixture of smells, the Bund was awake. Her thirst for money and gold, spirit of adventure and ambition to seize and develop in a heartless way, all woke up."Dating back to the 1910s, the ground, first, second, third and fourth floors were leased out as offices, part of the first floor being occupied by the Union Insurance Society, the owners of the building.
On the fifth floor were residential flats of the highest class, with roof gardens on the flat concrete roof. These flats command a magnificent view of the river and of Shanghai. The height ensured coolness and quietness, a treasure to enjoy in a city with hot summers and without air-conditioners.
With windows on three sides, the office on the ground floor, which had been taken by an American import and export house, was the largest single office without dividing walls in Shanghai.
The building is also known for one of its former tenants, the Mercantile Bank of India, whose Chinese name You Li was used as the building's name.
In 1941 Japanese invaders occupied the building. The bank restarted business four years later but retreated from China in 1949. In 1953 another legendary architect moved to work in the building, Chen Zhi, director of the Civil Design Institute of Shanghai. A graduate of the University of Pennsylvania from the United States, the man was among the first to record and preserve the city's historical buildings after the 1950s.
"The plinth of the building is of granite, the remainder of the filling walls being of brickwork finished with an artificial stone facing," Professor Qian says. "The principal entrance was flanked by massive granite columns with carved pediments, leading to an imposing entrance hall. It is really the first masterpiece of Palmer & Turner in Shanghai."
Founded by William Salway in 1868 in Hong Kong, Palmer & Turner had a Chinese name "Ba Ma Dan Na," a Cantonese translation of its English name. As soon as the Union Building was completed, the firm moved its Shanghai office in, created a nice Mandarin name "Kung-woo," or "Fair and Harmonious" and developed dramatically in this "Paris on the Wangpoo (Huangpu) River."
Within decades the company created more than 30 excellent structures in Shanghai, including eight of the 23 waterfront Bund buildings, such as the HSBC Building and the Sassoon House. After 60 years' absence from the city since World War II, the company made its way
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